All files and directories in Linux Operating System have access permissions. This feature gives the ability the user for setting up different access levels for each user and also Operating system gets the ability to deal with different requests for accessing the file. This feature makes the system more secure from potential security threats. There are three types of access permissions −
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Read − It is denoted by ‘r’ and the number 4, it gives the ability to the user for reading the file only.
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Write − It is denoted by ‘w’ and the number 2, it gives the ability to the user for writing into the file only.
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Execute − It is denoted by ‘x’ and the number 1, it gives the ability to the user for executing the file only.
Access permissions can be given in groups too, for example, if we want to give a file to read and write permission only, we can assign ‘rw–‘ to that file or in numerical form, we can assign the number 6 – as 4 for read and 2 for write equals to 6.
These access permissions are given to three types of users −
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User − It is the owner of the file.
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Group − It is the group of users in which the Owner lies.
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World − It is referred to as everyone else.
We give access permissions according to file types in cPanel. By default, cPanel File Manager gives 6-4-4 permissions to the users – 6 to the User, 4 to the Group and 4 to the World. Most of the time we do not need to change the file permissions unless needed.
You can change the file permissions in the cPanel environment by using the following steps −
Step 1 − Go to File Manager from cPanel Home.
Step 2 − Navigate to the File or Folder you wish to change permissions to and select the file or folder with a single click of the mouse.
Step 3 − Click on the Permissions link from the Top menu of File Manager and you will get a prompt as shown below.
Step 4 − Choose permissions according to your need and click on Change Permissions to save the new access permissions of the file.